Egypt in the late 19th century

“In the late 19th century, Egypt was undergoing a significant transitional period in its history. After a period under Ottoman rule, Muhammad Ali Pasha assumed power in 1805 and initiated a wide-ranging modernization process in the country. This modernization included improvements in agriculture, the establishment of new industries, and educational and military reforms.

In the second half of the century, Egypt became more interested in the West, especially with the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869, making it a key strategic point in international trade. However, the substantial debts accumulated from massive projects like the Suez Canal led to increasing European influence, particularly from Britain and France.

By the end of the century, Egypt was under effective British control, though it was not officially a colony. The British presence had a significant impact on Egypt’s politics and economy.

Here are several images that depict that period: